Ubuntu安装 kubeadm 部署k8s 1.30
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k8s

Ubuntu安装 kubeadm 部署k8s 1.30

axing
axing
2024-08-07 / 2 评论 / 88 阅读 / 正在检测是否收录...
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一、准备工作
三台主机

  1. ubuntu20.04.4使用阿里云的apt源

    先备份一份
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
    vi /etc/apt/sources.list


deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse

  2. 机器配置

    cat >> /etc/hosts << "EOF"
192.168.110.88 k8s-master-01 m1
192.168.110.70 k8s-node-01 n1
192.168.110.176 k8s-node-02 n2
EOF

  3. 集群通信

    ssh-keygen
ssh-copy-id m1 
ssh-copy-id n1
ssh-copy-id n2

  4. 关闭系统的交换分区swap
    集群内主机都需要执行

    sed -ri 's/^([^#].*swap.*)$/#\1/' /etc/fstab && grep swap /etc/fstab && swapoff -a && free -h

  5. 同步时间
    主节点做

    sudo apt install chrony -y 
mv /etc/chrony/conf.d  /etc/chrony/conf.d.bak


cat > /etc/chrony/conf.d << EOF
server ntp1.aliyun.com iburst minpoll 4 maxpoll 10
server ntp2.aliyun.com iburst minpoll 4 maxpoll 10
server ntp3.aliyun.com iburst minpoll 4 maxpoll 10
server ntp4.aliyun.com iburst minpoll 4 maxpoll 10
server ntp5.aliyun.com iburst minpoll 4 maxpoll 10
server ntp6.aliyun.com iburst minpoll 4 maxpoll 10
server ntp7.aliyun.com iburst minpoll 4 maxpoll 10
driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift
makestep 10 3
rtcsync
allow 0.0.0.0/0
local stratum 10
keyfile /etc/chrony.keys
logdir /var/log/chrony
stratumweight 0.05
noclientlog
logchange 0.5
EOF
systemctl restart chronyd.service # 最好重启，这样无论原来是否启动都可以重新加载配置
systemctl enable chronyd.service
systemctl status chronyd.service

    从节点做

    sudo apt install chrony -y 
mv /etc/chrony/conf.d  /etc/chrony/conf.d.bak
cat > /etc/chrony/conf.d << EOF
server 192.168.110.88 iburst
driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift
makestep 10 3
rtcsync
local stratum 10
keyfile /etc/chrony.key
logdir /var/log/chrony
stratumweight 0.05
noclientlog
logchange 0.5
EOF

  6. 设置内核参数
    集群内主机都需要执行

    cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
fs.may_detach_mounts = 1
vm.overcommit_memory=1
vm.panic_on_oom=0
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=89100
fs.file-max=52706963
fs.nr_open=52706963
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 3
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 15
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 36000
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 327680
net.ipv4.tcp_orphan_retries = 3
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384
net.ipv4.ip_conntrack_max = 65536
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.core.somaxconn = 16384
EOF

# 立即生效
sysctl --system

  7. 安装常用工具

    sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y expect wget jq psmisc vim net-tools telnet lvm2 git ntpdate chrony bind9-utils rsync unzip git

  8. 安装ipvsadm
    安装ipvsadm

    sudo apt install -y ipvsadm ipset sysstat conntrack
#libseccomp 是预装好的
dpkg -l | grep libseccomp

    在 Ubuntu 22.04.4 中，/etc/sysconfig/modules/ 目录通常不是默认存在的，因为 Ubuntu 使用的是 systemd 作为初始化系统，而不是传统的 SysVinit 或者其他初始化系统。因此，Ubuntu 不使用 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ 来管理模块加载。
    如果你想确保 IPVS 模块在系统启动时自动加载，你可以按照以下步骤操作：
    创建一个 /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf 文件: 在这个文件中，你可以列出所有需要在启动时加载的模块。这样做可以确保在启动时自动加载这些模块。

    echo "ip_vs" > /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf
echo "ip_vs_lc" >> /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf
echo "ip_vs_wlc" >> /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf
echo "ip_vs_rr" >> /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf
echo "ip_vs_wrr" >> /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf
echo "ip_vs_lblc" >> /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf
echo "ip_vs_lblcr" >> /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf
echo "ip_vs_dh" >> /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf
echo "ip_vs_sh" >> /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf
echo "ip_vs_fo" >> /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf
echo "ip_vs_nq" >> /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf
echo "ip_vs_sed" >> /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf
echo "ip_vs_ftp" >> /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf
echo "nf_conntrack" >> /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf

    加载模块: 你可以使用 modprobe 命令来手动加载这些模块，或者让系统在下次重启时自动加载。

    sudo modprobe ip_vs
sudo modprobe ip_vs_lc
sudo modprobe ip_vs_wlc
sudo modprobe ip_vs_rr
sudo modprobe ip_vs_wrr
sudo modprobe ip_vs_lblc
sudo modprobe ip_vs_lblcr
sudo modprobe ip_vs_dh
sudo modprobe ip_vs_sh
sudo modprobe ip_vs_fo
sudo modprobe ip_vs_nq
sudo modprobe ip_vs_sed
sudo modprobe ip_vs_ftp
sudo modprobe nf_conntrack

    验证模块是否加载: 你可以使用 lsmod 命令来验证这些模块是否已经被成功加载。
    lsmod | grep ip_vs

二、安装containerd(三台节点都要做)

#只要超过2.4就不用再安装了
root@k8s-master-01:/etc/modules-load.d# dpkg -l | grep libseccomp
ii  libseccomp2:amd64                      2.5.3-2ubuntu2                          amd64        high level interface to Linux seccomp filter

开始安装

apt install containerd* -y
containerd --version  #查看版本

配置

mkdir -pv /etc/containerd
containerd config default  >  /etc/containerd/config.toml #为containerd生成配置文件
vi /etc/containerd/config.toml
把下面改为自己构建的仓库
sandbox_image = sandbox_image = "registry.cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/xingcangku/eeeee:3.8"
#配置systemd作为容器的cgroup driver
grep SystemdCgroup /etc/containerd/config.toml
sed -i 's/SystemdCgroup \= false/SystemdCgroup \= true/' /etc/containerd/config.toml
grep SystemdCgroup /etc/containerd/config.toml

配置加速器(必须配置，否则后续安装cni网络插件时无法从docker.io里下载镜像)
#参考:https://github.com/containerd/containerd/blob/main/docs/cri/config.md#registry-configuration
#添加 config_path="/etc/containerd/certs.d"
sed -i 's/config_path\ =.*/config_path = \"\/etc\/containerd\/certs.d\"/g' /etc/containerd/config.toml
mkdir -p /etc/containerd/certs.d/docker.io
cat>/etc/containerd/certs.d/docker.io/hosts.toml << EOF
server ="https://docker.io"
[host."https ://dockerproxy.com"]
capabilities = ["pull","resolve"]

[host."https://docker.m.daocloud.io"]
capabilities = ["pull","resolve"]

[host."https://docker.chenby.cn"]
capabilities = ["pull","resolve"]

[host."https://registry.docker-cn.com"]
capabilities = ["pull","resolve" ]

[host."http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"]
capabilities = ["pull","resolve" ]
EOF
#配置containerd开机自启动
#启动containerd服务并配置开机自启动
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restart containerd
systemctl enable --now containerd
#查看containerd状态
systemctl status containerd
#查看containerd的版本
ctr version

三、安装最新版本的kubeadm、kubelet 和 kubectl
1、三台机器准备k8s
配置安装源

apt-get update && apt-get install -y apt-transport-https
curl -fsSL https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes-new/core/stable/v1.30/deb/Release.key |
    gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg
echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg] https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes-new/core/stable/v1.30/deb/ /" |
    tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
apt-get update
apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl

2、主节点操作（node节点不执行）

初始化master节点(仅在master节点上执行)
#可以kubeadm config images list查看
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubeadm config images list
registry.k8s.io/kube-apiserver:v1.30.0
registry.k8s.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.30.0
registry.k8s.io/kube-scheduler:v1.30.0
registry.k8s.io/kube-proxy:v1.30.0
registry.k8s.io/coredns/coredns:v1.11.1
registry.k8s.io/pause:3.9
registry.k8s.io/etcd:3.5.12-0
kubeadm config print init-defaults > kubeadm.yaml
root@k8s-master-01:~# cat  kubeadm.yaml 
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
bootstrapTokens:
- groups:
  - system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token
  token: abcdef.0123456789abcdef
  ttl: 24h0m0s
  usages:
  - signing
  - authentication
kind: InitConfiguration
localAPIEndpoint:
  advertiseAddress: 192.168.110.88
  bindPort: 6443
nodeRegistration:
  criSocket: unix:///var/run/containerd/containerd.sock
  imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
  name: k8s-master-01
  taints: null
---
apiServer:
  timeoutForControlPlane: 4m0s
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
certificatesDir: /etc/kubernetes/pki
clusterName: kubernetes
controllerManager: {}
dns: {}
etcd:
  local:
    dataDir: /var/lib/etcd
imageRepository: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: 1.30.3
networking:
  dnsDomain: cluster.local
  serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/12
  podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16
scheduler: {}
---
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
mode: ipvs
---
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: KubeletConfiguration
cgroupDriver: systemd

部署K8S

kubeadm init --config=kubeadm.yaml --ignore-preflight-errors=SystemVerification --ignore-preflight-errors=Swap

lzjoactw.png

部署网络插件
下载网络插件

wget https://github.com/flannel-io/flannel/releases/latest/download/kube-flannel.yml
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# grep -i image kube-flannel.yml
        image: docker.io/flannel/flannel:v0.25.5
        image: docker.io/flannel/flannel-cni-plugin:v1.5.1-flannel1
        image: docker.io/flannel/flannel:v0.25.5

改为下面 要去阿里云上面构建自己的镜像

root@k8s-master-01:~# grep -i image kube-flannel.yml
        image: registry.cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/xingcangku/cccc:0.25.5
        image: registry.cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/xingcangku/ddd:1.5.1
        image: registry.cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/xingcangku/cccc:0.25.5

部署在master上即可

kubectl  apply -f kube-flannel.yml 

kubectl delete -f kube-flannel.yml  #这个是删除网络插件的

查看状态

kubectl -n kube-flannel get pods
kubectl -n kube-flannel get pods -w
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get nodes # 全部ready
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl -n kube-system get pods # 两个coredns的pod也都ready

部署kubectl命令提示（在所有节点上执行）

yum install bash-completion* -y
 
kubectl completion bash > ~/.kube/completion.bash.inc
echo "source '$HOME/.kube/completion.bash.inc'" >> $HOME/.bash_profile
source $HOME/.bash_profile

lzjod5ee.png

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